[转帖]壮语讲座 Teaching Yourself Zhuang

Sawcuengh

English Explanation

Mbouj geij nanz

nanz: long; difficult. Not too long

biek

coerce, force, request

bonjndang

myself, oneself

apbik

oppress, oppression

gyoengqbing

group of soldiers

yazmonz

[Chinese] government in Qing Dynasty

bik

oppress, oppression

cengj naj

earn face, have glory

cengj naj gyaranz

earn face for my family

Gvanghsi

name of year in Qing Dynasty

gauj

[Chinese] take (exam)

gohgij

[Chinese] type of exam in Qing Dynasty

itgungh

=cungjgungh: together, total

boiz

return, pay back

Sawcuengh

English Explanation

gauhsiuj

[borrowed word from local Chinese dialect] advanced primary school. [Stoneman genyij yungh: hagdangz lwgnyez]

doiqdingj

fight with each other

swhsiengj gohyoz, minzcuj

[borrowed words from local Chinese dialect] scientific and nationality thoughts

vunzyak vunzrwix

bad, mean people

fanjdui

[borrowed word from local Chinese dialect] oppose; be against

muenz

[borrowed word from local Chinese dialect] not telling, hide, keep secret

liz

leave

gyahaeuj

join

Sinhginh

[borrowed word from local Chinese dialect] New Army

Dungzmwngzvei

[Chinese] an organization established by the founder of the Republic of China Dr. Sun Yaetsun

Sawcuengh

English Explanation

daj

from

gou mboujcaengz baema ranz saek mbat

I had never gone home even once

Minzgoz

[Chinese] name of year of the Republic of China

gvenq

get used to doing (sth)

guh hong gvenq

get used to working on the field

liz reih naz sim couh mbouj soeng

do not feel comfortable after leaving the crop field

sojyij youh dauq baema

therefore went back (to home)

Boh gou baema daengz buenq roen dai

my dad died on his half way home

lij laebdaeb guh hong

still continue to work on the field

soh guh daengz dai

(she) worked continuously until (she) died. soh: Originally means “straight”, here it refers a non-stop situation

bi (year), bya (fish; mountain), da (eye), dai (die, death), de (he/she, his/her), dou (we; door), fa (lid), fwn (rain), gou (I, my), lai (many), ma (dog; return), na (thick), ndeu (one), ndwen (month), rieng (tail); roi (comb), sam (three), song (two), sou (you-pl)

feiz (fire), haz (grass), miz (have), mwngz (you-single), naz (wet rice field), ngoenz (day; date), ninz (sleep), raeuz (we, us, our), ranz (house), vaiz (water buffalo)

byaij (walk), daej (cry), daenj (wear), daeuj (come), gaj (kill), gaej (do not), gouj (nine), haeuj (come in), haj (five), hawj (give), naj (face), oij (sugar cane), yawj (see, look)

beix (elder brother/sister), cax (knife), dungx (stomach), faex (tree; wood), haeux (rice), max (horse), ngux (five), nuengx (younger brother/sister), raemx (water), rox (know)

angq (joyful), gaeq (chicken), gvaq (pass, past), gyaeq (egg), haq (marry to), moq (new), ndaq (scold, reprimand, criticize), noengq (strong, big), sawq (try), seiq (four)

boh (father), dah (river), dawh (chopsticks), guh (do), meh (mother), naengh (sit), ngeih (second), rongh (shining, having light), yaeuh (deceive)

cup (kiss), daep (liver), gip (pick up), goep (frog), haep (close), laep (dark), ndip (fresh)

cib (ten), dub (throw, hit), gaeb (narrow; capture), goeb (lid, cover), haeb (bite), laeb (form, build up)

bak (mouth, 100), doek (drop down, fall), gik (lazy), hak (official, politician), mak (fruit), ndok (bone), roek (six)

bag (cut wood into pieces; crazy; strike), cag (cord), caeg (thief), cug (bind with a cord), doeg (read), gig (most), hag (study, learn), roeg (bird)

bet (eight), bit (duck), caet (seven), haet (morning), hwet (back of body), maet (louse), it (one, first), vat (dig)

bid (an insect), gwed (hold, hold up), haed (tie tightly), lwed (blood), moed (ant), rwed (bug)

Sawcuengh

English Explanation

Cungguek

[Chinese] zhong gu China

gwzming

[Chinese] ge ming: revolution

yiengq

towards

baihnaj

present, forwards oneself

gaihcanj

[Chinese] kai can: progress, develop

Cungguek gwzming laebdaeb yiengq baihnaj gaihcanj

Chinese revolution was progressing ahead continually. Stoneman: This is a direct translation from Chinese to Zhuang

cinbu

[Chinese] jin bu: progress towards the good direction. Here it means that his thoughts were closer to the communist ideals

swhsiengj gou goj laebdaeb cinbu

my thinking was also continually inclined to the ideals of communism.

byaij diuz loh gwzming

to walk on the road of revolution. loh: [Chinese] lu: road = roen

Cunghgoz Gungcanjdangj

[Chinese] Chinese communists

Mwh gou raen Cungguek byaij diuz loh gwzming byaij ndaej deng, gou couh gyahaeuj Cunghgoz Gungcanjdangj.

When I saw that the revolutionary road walked by China could be right, I joined the Communist Party of China (CPC).

Dagwzming

[Chinese] da ge ming: first civil war between Guo Min Dang and communists from 1925 to 1927

baih

[Chinese] bai: =saw, fail, failure

doeng saenq

exchange letters

baengh

depend on, by

gangyiz

[Chinese] kang ri: defend against the invation of Japan. =dingjhoenx Yizbwnj

cancwngh

[Chinese] war =hoenxciengq

gangyiz cancwngh

[Chinese] anti-Japan’s war = caeuq Yizbwnj hoenxciengq

Mwh gangyiz cancwngh, gou cij ndaej caeuq ndaw ranz doeng saenq.

It was only when the anti-Japanese war occurred that I was able to exchange letters with my family

gaijfang

[Chinese] liberate, set free

Meh gou rox gou guh gij saeh neix, de gig muengh Cungguek ndaej gaijfang.

When my mother knew what I was doing, she hoped greatly that China would be liberated.

dangj

[Chinese] (political) party

hojnanz

disaster, difficulty, hardship

Youq ndaw caet bi

Within those seven years

geij mbaw siengq bonjfaenh

a couple of my photos

ciengxlwenx

always

siengjniemh

[Chinese] miss = naemj dwk

lan

grandchild, grandchild of a brother

Daxbuz

grandmom (father’s side)

cingsaenz

spiritual conditions

cingsaenz mbouj beij bi’gvaq ndei

was not doing as well as last year

gaxgonq

before

gwn hix beij mbouj ndaej gaxgonq lai

could not eat as much as before

de gig siengj raen naj mwngz baez ndeu

she extremely wanted to see you one more time

doxbiek

depart, departure, leaving one’s beloved

cingzgvang

[Chinese] situations

gangjgangj doxbiek le cingzgvang baenzlawz yiengh

to talk about the situations of each other since you left her

yienq ndang

contribute (my) life to. yienq: [Chinese] contribute. ndang: body, life

Yizbwnj

[Chinese] Japan

gou yienq ndang dingj hoenx Yizbwnj

I contributed my life to fight against the Japanese

bauqdap

repay, pay back, return one’s favor

mbouj caengz ndaej bauqdap meh gou

never be able to return (the love) of my mother

saetmuengh

disappoint, let down

hawj meh gou saetmuengh

let my mother down

Sawcuengh

English Explanation

Meh gou caeuq vunz ceiq mbouj doengz, couh dwg baenz seiq vunz cungj caengz liz guh hong gvaq.

The most difference between my mother and others was that she never stopped working on the field in all her life.

Meh gou liz seng gou it faen cung gaxgonq, lij youq bakcauq cawj ngaiz.

She was still cooking food before the stove one minute before she was going to give birth to me.

Yienznaeuz geq lo, lij gyaez guh hong.

Although (she) was old, (she) still loved to work.

vaihseng

nephew or niece (child of sisters)

Bi’gvaq vaihseng sij saenq daeuj naeuz

Last year my nephew wrote me a letter telling me that

mehdaiq

grandma (mother’s side)

Mehdaiq aenvih geq lo

As Grandmom has become old

bineix ndang mbouj beij binaengz cangq

this year her body is not strong as the past years

sij

write (sij cih); favor, desire, prefer (De caen sij ndaej gwn: means he prefer to spend more on eating than what he should based on his income level)

vut

throw away, discard, throw out

danhseih lij mbouj sij vut hong

but she still does not want to quit her job

engq gaenx doz faiq

(she) works harder on hand-making cotton thread

Sawcuengh

English Explanation

Gou wngdang docih meh gou

I should thank my mother

doucwngh

[local Chinese dialect] fight

de son gou baenzlawz bae caeuq haemzhoj doucwngh

she taught me how to go fight the difficulties

Gou youq ndaw ranz gaenq souhgvaq haujlai haemzhoj

I had experienced many difficulties while at home

gij neix hawj gou guh bing caeuq guh gwzming sam cib lai bi cungj mbouj roxnyinh naeuz hoj

This experience has made me feel no hardship in my more than 30 years of being a soldier and a revolutionist

hix mboujcaengz deng hoj haep laemx gvaq

never was I fallen down by any hardship. haep: bite. laemx: fall down

Meh gou youh son gou guh hong

In addition, my mother taught me how to work on the field

hawj gou ndang cangq

let my body become strong. cangq: strong, healthy

daj iq daengz seizneix

from (a) little (kid) to now

mbouj caengz rox naet gvaq

never feel tired/exhausted. naet: tired, gou ndang naet-I feel exhausted.

Sawcuengh

English Explanation

cihsiz

[local Chinese dialect] knowledge

yici

[local Chinese dialect] will power

cij dwg ceiq dijbauj dih caizbauj

Stoneman suggests: cij dwg gij caizbauj ceiq dijbauj haenx-that is the most valuable wealth. Stoneman does not like using the Chinese borrowed word “dih” in Sawcuengh

Sawcuengh

English Explanation

Seizneix meh gou gvaqseiq lo, gou caiq mbouj ndaej raen naj de lo.

Now my mother has passed away and I will not be able to see her again.

Gij saeh siengsim neix, caiq mbouj miz banhfap bouj ndaej lo.

These sad things, there will be no more means to make them up. bouj: compensate, make up

Meh gou dwg boux vunz bingzsiengz ndeu.

My mother is an ordinary person.

ciencien fanhfanh boux Cungguek yinzminz

hundreds of thousands of Chinese farmers

de dwg boux ndeu

she was one of them

danhseih, couh dwg ciencien fanhfanh vunz neix, cauxok lizsij roxnaeuz cingq bae caux gij lizsij Cungguek raeuz

but, it is those hundreds of thousands of ordinary people who have created and are creating the history of our China

aencingz

[Chinese] affection, love, great help, great favors, etc.

Gou yungh gijmaz banhfap daeuj bauqdap aencingz meh gou ne?

How should I (What methods should I use to) pay back the affection that my mother has given to me?

Gou aeu laebdaeb laemxsim guh hong hawj minzcuz caeuq yinzminz raeuz

I should continue to work hard with all my heart for our nation and our people

hawj daengx guek yinzminz ndaej gvaq ngoenzndei

in order to let our people be able to live a better life. ngoenzndei = ngoenz (day) + ndei (good): good days, happiness

Gijneix gou guh ndaej daengz, itdingh guh ndaej daengz.

I would be able to fulfill this goal and I must be able to fulfill this goal.

Muengh meh gou an’onj youq lajnamh!

May God bless my mother’s soul in heaven! lajnamh: beneath the soil

Bi 1944 ndwen 4 ngoenz 5 hauh

April 5, 1944. Stoneman suggests: Bi 1944 ndwen 4 ngoenz 5. No “hauh”, which is repetitive.

Sawcuengh

English Explanation

Mbwn gaenq laeq dingh

It was dark already. gaenq: already. laeq: dark.

miz gyoengq vunz daj ndaw naz byaij okdaeuj

a group of persons walked from inside of the house

bouxboux naiqnueknuek

everyone looked very exhausted

byaij dwk saemxsaemx saxsax

and walked without any good spirit

naengh

skin

Sawcuengh

English Explanation

Miz mbangj gyangz naek naeuz

some complained deeply and said

Baeg dai

(I am so) exhausted (that I could) die

Duz gaeq raq

That rooster that should die out

caen geizheih

very strange

haemhnaengz

every night

haen

crow

gaeq baez haen de couh ep raeuz bae ndoi

he orders us to the hill the moment the cock crows

romh

early in the morning

miz fangz

have trick. fangz: ghost

nyaenj

hold tightly

gwn caeuz

eat dinner

Sawcuengh

English Explanation

oksiq

have diarrhea

haex

shit, dropping

riengh vaiz

room for water buffalo

nywj

grass

ndaek vunz

a person (usually called without respect)

gaem

hold

diuz faex raez ndeu

a long wood stick

yupyup yepyep byaij

walk carefully and without sound

rungz gaeq

a container where chickens are fenced

ronghndwen

moon

Mbouj miz ronghndwen, yawj mbouj raen naj de

there was no moon and (therefore he) could not see his face

Lau dwg daeuj caeg gaeq bw!

I am afraid that he is coming to steal chickens

iet hoz okdaeuj

hold out his neck

lumj aeu fwngz nyaenj ndaeng dwk

looked like he was holding his nose with his hands

gaemh dawz mwngz bae couh mbouj ndei lo

That would be not good if he catches you and take you away

Sawcuengh

English Explanation

gingdoengh

scare

deuz

run away

gongzyongq roengzdaeuj

calmed down and stayed still

sijsaeq

carefully

Bouxlawz rox baenz buenq hwnz mbouj doengh saekdi

who knew that for half a night (he) did not even make a move

dauq dingqnyi boux caeg gaeq haenx hag guh gaeq haen

Instead, (he) heard that the chichen stealer learned how to crow like a rooster

ndojhaeuj

hid into (hide into)

ranz coux nywj

warehouse (room) for grass

coux

contain

Dingjlingz

coincidentally, by accident

gvaek habfeiz

stroke a match

rongh

shining, light

laxlawz

the original reason

laxlawz dwg duz fangzraq neix guh!

it is this fucking ghost who did this!

nyaenxheiq mbouj gamj guhsing

held (his) breathe and was afraid to make any noise

rongx naeuz

shouted loudly

Sawcuengh

English Explanation

hozndat

angry, mad

caeux

early, morning

ceiz

late; a kind of food

fangzcimingh

fangz: ghost; ci: force; mingh: life

bau mwngz baeg dai

bau: bet. (I) bet you (would be so) exhausted (that you would) die

Mbangj

some

cit doengz ien caengz liux

cit: inhale and exhale. have not finished smoking one cigarette

Sawcuengh

English Explanation

cit bajheiq neix

cit: word prefix. this trick, this foul play

lienz buh caengz duet couh bae guh hong

had not changed clothes and then went out to work again

gou miz coenz vahriu caeuq sou gangj

I have joke to tell you

caj daengz buenq roen menh gangj

wait until we are on half of our way (to the field)

riu’nyumnyum

riu: laugh, smile

ndaemndwtndwt

ndaem: black, dark

ceh da ndaemndwtndwt

ceh: nut; da: eye

daengx da dwk naeuz

stared and said

ienq duzgaeq mbouj deng, wng ienq vunz

blaming the rooster is not right; should blame the person

bae gyaeuj reih ninz

go to sleep on one side of a piece of dried land

Caezgya cungj doengzeiq

all agreed

ndau’ndeiq

stars

gvaek feiz

strike a match

naetnaiq raixcaix

very exhausted, very tired

buh mbaeq raiz liux cungj mbouj roxnyinh

mbaeq: drop down (mbaeq fwn/raiz, etc.); raiz: mist. did not realized that the mist had mad their clothes wet

Sawcuengh

English Explanation

ninzndaej diemzsisi

slept very sweetly, slept soundly

Sawqmwh Yibauj raen gwnzndang inyang

sawqmwh: suddenly; in: hurt; ndang: body. suddenly Yibauj felt hurt badly

raen daengngoenz hwnj baenz boux vunz sang lo

daengngoenz: sun. saw that the sun had already risen to a person’s height

Couh Boknaeng fwngz gaem faexdwngx

Couh Boknaeng held a wooden stick with his hands

cug boux cug boux lemh

hit one by one

De nyeux gyaeuj

he turned around

bouxlawz rox

who know

di hong caengz guh

little work had been done

gig heiqhwnj

very angry

Sawcuengh

English Explanation

… moeb … ndaq

… hit … scold/yell at

lienz ngaiz cungj mbouj hawj gwn

did not even have them eat their lunch

gietsim

be determined

miz mbangj

some (refer to people)

beng

pull (similar to “rag”)

ndaej cuengqcuengq gaemz heiq neix

be able to release this anguish

Yibauj mwngz caen huk lo

Yibauj you are too stupid

vunz miz cienz miz seiq

he has money and power

seizneix de dwg vuengz gizneix

now he is the king of this area

raeuz gamj ning de saek di ha?

we are brave to even touch him a bit?

Sawcuengh

English Explanation

moengzloengz

(thinking) unclear, blurred

Haemhnaengz

every night

de yaek haih raeuz dai baeg

he wants to let us die at exhaustion

ciengzseiz

always

dingqnyi

hear

lwnh goj

tell story

Roengz fwngz gonq couh ak, ning fwngz laeng boihseiz

move first to be at an advantageous position and otherwise be at a disadvantageous position

gwn ngaiz

eat lunch

gwn ringz

eat food in the afternoon (between lunch and dinner)

gwn caeuz

eat dinner

bwh ndei faexdwngx

prepare well wooden sticks

ndaep daeng

turn off the light (oil lamp)

demq

go out and watch (the situation)

caj

wait for

yupyup yepyep

walk slowly and slightly

gaem dwngx buet okdaeuj

hold wooden stick and run out

gaemh laemx Couh Boknaeng couh moeb

grab and press down Couh Boknaeng and then hit him

gyanghongh

the center of the patio

Sawcuengh

English Explanation

bingre

body guard soldiers

cungqdinj

pistol, handgun

itmienh buet itmienh hemq

yell while running

gaj dai bae

kill to death

Dingjlingz

coincidentally, inadvertently

swenj naeuz

speak loudly

ndonj

sprawl, lie down on one’s hands and feet

nyouh

urine

dangzvaq

pants

dumz

wet

cacoemj buet okdaeuj

walk out unsteadily/shakingly

De dwg goeng cawjranz

he is the owner of this house

hai cungq

open fire (pistol)

soqlaiz

has always been

byonghhwnz

midnight

gaeb gaeq

to catch the chickens

goekga

thigh

lwed riuznoengnoeng

blood is pouring out

cw gyaeuj mbouj cw rieng

cover the head and not cover the tail

got ga naengh youq giz haenx hemq dai hemq lix

got: hold up sth with one’s hands. hold (his) legs (with his hands), sitting there and yelling for his life

dai … lix

die … live or death … life

Sawcuengh

English Explanation

Raeuz ganjnaeuz dwg caeg

we thought it was a thief

loengh baenz buenq hwnz

act/work/play for half a night

byonghhwnz

mid-night

buenq hwnz

half a night

moengzmoengz loengzloengz

mind not clear; unconsciously

mbouj rox duz iu’gvaiq lawz rag gou daeuj

not know which ghost pulled me out

fangz

ghost

Gvaqlaeng

in the future

ram

hold up and move

ga

the section between thigh and knee (body part)

raek

broken